The temporal characteristics of Aerosol Optical Depth(AOD) and Angstrom exponent were analyzed using the sun photometer (CE318) data from September 2012 to August 2014 in north-west region of Hefei. It shows the aerosol optical depth in Hefei is higher in the whole year. The annual mean AOD is 0.60±0.15 from September 2012 to August 2013 and 0.73±0.23 from September 2013 to August 2014. The aerosol wavelength exponent in Spring is the least and the optical depth in the autumn is the least. The study of AOD and atmospheric water vapor content shows a positive correlation. The back trajectory analysis indicates that Hefei area is mainly influenced by northwest currents(about 42%) in spring, influenced by southward currents(about 50%)in summer, influenced by northward currents(about 39%) in autumn and influenced by northwest in the high altitude. The relationship between MODISretrieved and sun photometer CE318 shows a good agreement and the correlation coefficient is above 0.70.