For the problem of larger location error in distance vector-hop (DV-Hop) localization algorithm, an improved DV-Hop ranging-based dynamic parameters differential evolution localization (IDV-Hop-DPDE) algorithm is proposed in this paper. IDV-Hop-DPDEL uses multi-communication radius to broadcast the positions of anchor nodes. Based on near-degree of the nodes, the ranging between unknown nodes and anchor nodes is modified. Finally, to improve searching efficiency and obtain the most optimal position, the scaling factor and the crossover probability of the traditional differential evolution algorithm are dynamically changed. To verify the effectiveness of the algorithm, the localization parameters in the simulation remains unchanged, while the three parameters vary within a certain range, i.e., the total number of nodes in the network, the proportion of the anchor nodes, and the communication radius. The simulation results show that the localization error of the IDV-Hop-DPDEL algorithm was reduced by 51.56%, compared to the DV-Hop algorithm. And the proposed algorithm has better performance than the other two classical improved DV-Hop algorithms.