Detecting the ground image quality of aerial cameras is an important characteristic for their performance testing. Whether the aerial camera ultimately meets the design requirements needs to be verified through actual aerial photography, the ground target detected by aerial photography is not an actual ground target, but a manually setting target. At present, there is no corresponding technical standard and quality evaluation system for this type of target in China. Resolution detection of three line target imaging is a commonly used, intuitive, easy to read and quantitative discrimination method for evaluating ground image quality using aerial cameras in China. The different expressions of ground resolution and the composition of three line targets are briefly described. The relationship between ground resolution of three line targets and altitude, focal length are analyzed. According to the characteristics of three line target resolution discrimination methods, and incorporated with practical applications, a three line target for aerial photography experiments is designed. And the aerial photography results meet the performance requirements of the designed aerial camera ground resolution aerial photography technical characteristics.