In order to overcome the lack of depth information in monocular vision measurement, an improved two-stage iterative algorithm was proposed to optimize the posture and attitude measurement models. The characteristics of the target layout optimization were given. The relationships between the calculating accuracy with the target size, baseline length and characteristics of the target dot size were analyzed theoretically. Experimental results show that optimizing the layout of the target characteristic, the larger the length of the baseline and smaller characteristics of the target dots can improve the measurement target solver accuracy. The actual research has a certain guiding theoretical significance to improve the practical measurement system calculation accuracy.