As the core component of piezoelectric drive mechanism, the working state and fatigue strength of piezoelectric vibrator directly determine the working performance and service life of the system. In this paper, the ANSYS software is used to simulate the fatigue of the ring piezoelectric vibrator, and the cloud chart of vibration mode and the maximum stress point are obtained. The influences of different structural parameters on the fatigue life of piezoelectric vibrator are studied, and the data of bimorph and single crystal piezoelectric vibrators are compared. The results show that the metal material 65Mn has the best anti fatigue performance. Reducing the diameter of the vibrator or increasing the thickness of the vibrator can improve its fatigue life, while applying too high voltage amplitude will reduce the service life of the vibrator, and the fatigue life of the bimorph piezoelectric vibrator is longer than that of the single crystal piezoelectric vibrator. The fatigue life experiment on the ring piezoelectric vibrator is carried out. The results show that the selected batch of vibrator can fully meet the requirements of use.