The article centers around conducting simulation analysis and experimental research on thermal analysis and management of air-cooled fiber lasers. It addresses heat transfer issues concerning gain fibers and optical modules within these lasers, establishing respective theoretical models and validating them through experiments. Furthermore, it proposes a solution tailored for portable air-cooled fiber lasers to manage thermal issues at the kilowatt level, focusing on optimizing system parameters, dispersing waste heat effectively, and minimizing overall thermal resistance.