In laser shock processing (LSP) technology, as the driving source and energy source of shock loads, the different selection of laser pulse parameters determines the laser absorption mechanism, energy deposition, and even the plasma explosion behavior. This plays an important role in determining the morphological characteristics of shock loads and the surface strengthening effect of materials. This paper provides a review of the mechanisms and influencing laws of various laser parameters involved in LSP technology in laser driven shock effects, as well as the current research and cognitive status in process allocation. The importance of laser time profile in plasma explosion behavior and shock loading characteristics is reviewed, as well as the current status that Gaussian-like profiles that output from Q-switched laser is commonly used in LSP. It also points out that optimizing the laser time profile can improve the conversion efficiency of laser energy to mechanical energy. And it is possible that shock load characteristics can be accurately manipulated by adjusting laser time profiles.