A high-resolution scheme for identifying amino acid species on the basis of the quantum weak measurement system is proposed and experimentally demonstrated, and the improvement laws of resolution are explored. In this system, the optical rotation angle of the amino acid solution is taken as the post-selection angle, and the amplified optical spin Hall shifts act as a probe to identify the amino acid species. The resolution of the system for the optical rotation angle can be improved by incident angle adjustment. The proper design of the BK7-dielectric structure interface can make the resolution reach 9.7×10^-6 (°)/μm, with an improvement of two orders of magnitude over that of the pure BK7 glass interface. These studies can provide a theoretical basis for the high-precision identification of the amino acid species and expand the application range of quantum weak measurement.