In the context of electronic reconnaissance satellite supporting anti-sea operation, in order to realize the full potential of satellite, a model for satellite operation effectiveness evaluation is proposed based on Support Vector Regression (SVR) optimized by Firefly and Sparrow Search Algorithm (FASSA).Firstly, Firefly Algorithm (FA) is used to improve Sparrow Search Algorithm (SSA).Then, the evaluation index system for operation effectiveness of electronic reconnaissance satellite is established.Finally, FASSA is used to optimize relevant parameters of SVR, and the operation effectiveness evaluation model of electronic reconnaissance satellite is established according to the effectiveness evaluation index system.The simulation results show that the proposed model has high evaluation accuracy, which is better than other models on various indices.