We proposed a parameter self-tuning bi-histogram equalization method to solve saturation and detail loss in infrared image enhancement. We decomposed an input image into two independent sub-images according to the golden ratio of the gray cumulative probability density and modified each sub-image histogram through a multi-scale adaptive weighing process with input image exposure and sub-image gray-level interval information. Subsequently, we performed the equalization of the two corrected sub-histograms independently and combined the two equalized sub-images into a single output image. A test on 100 infrared images in a public dataset-INFRARED100 showed that, compared with brightness preserving bi-histogram equalization (BBHE), bi-histogram equalization with a plateau limit (BHEPL), and exposure-based sub-image histogram equalization (ESIHE), the images enhanced by the proposed method have appropriate contrast and greater average information entropy. We increased the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), structural similarity (SSIM) index, and absolute mean brightness error (AMBE) by at least 17.2%, 4.0%, and 56.2% on average. The experiments illustrated that the proposed method is adaptable to infrared images with different brightness characteristics, effectively improving the contrast between the infrared image object and background. This method is superior to noise suppression, brightness, and detail preservation methods.