According to the excitation mechanism of hybrid surface plasmon polaritons and the waveguide structure of traditional hybrid surface plasmon polaritons, a multilayer waveguide Bragg grating is proposed. Two low refractive index materials, SiO₂ and NaF, are used as the core layer in the structure. At the communication wavelength of 1550 nm, the structure of the grating is studied and optimized for the transmission distance and the mode field limitation ability of the light wave. And the relationship between the grating period number and the reflectivity of light wave is further analyzed. Simulation results show that the transmission distance and the effective mode field area of the Bragg grating are 178.12 μm and 0.203 μm ², respectively. The structure not only reduces the loss due to the light field limitation at the metal surface, but also reflects relatively strong mode field limitation. The reflectance can reach 71.9% when the grating period number is 60, and the structure has a good filtering characteristic.