Based on the polarization detection principle and the polarization characteristics theory of reflected light, a divided aperture simultaneous type hyperspectral polarization imaging system is used to analyze hyperspectral polarization characteristics of objects under different illumination intensities and different observation angles. Taking desert camouflage net, desert camouflage board, tank shrinkage ratio target and hummer shrinkage ratio target act as the objects, which adapts to the desert background. We give a typical detection wavelength selection range of camouflage target under desert background. The analysis results provide a scientific guidance to achieve better camouflage target detection in desert background.