Because of the advantages of powerful error detection, high reliability, high efficiency and transparent transmission, high level data link control (HDLC) protocol is widely used in the field of medium and high speed synchronous half-duplex and full-duplex communication. In special occasions such as aviation and aerospace, due to higher requirements of transmission correctness and reliability, HDLC protocol always needs to be improved. A HDLC interface design using special data frame which completed single channel half-duplex data communication is described. Using STM32F103 microprocessor and differential driver and receive pair chips, this design achieves parsing and generation of HDLC data using special frame by the way of software programming. The test results show that the communication interface design is reasonable, correct and feasible.