A precise optical system for measuring wavefront aberrations of human eyes was designed and developed to precisely measure the high and low order wavefront aberrations of human eyes.The system adopted a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor to test the wavefront aberrations and could precisely measure wavefront aberrations of human eyes with different pupil diameters, different field angles under different accommodations.By simulating and analyzing with ZEMAX, the system precision was proved, and the diopter adjustment process was analyzed.Some experiments were carried out with the system,in which the effects of the distribution of all kinds of order aberrations, pupil diameters and different accommodations on the human eye wavefront aberrations were analyzed and the aberrations changed with time and space(frequence about 3 Hz，isoplanatic angle about 1.5°) were discussed.It is concluded that the system is precise(PV <1/20λ), convenient and is a good instrument for study on eye aberrations and customized cornea surgeries.