High-precision microstructure glass optical elements are widely used in several applications, including optical systems, precision measurements, and microfluidic chips. The most revolutionary technique for the production of glass optical elements is the use of array molding technology, which is capable of high precision, net forming, and low-cost manufacturing in addition to being pollution free. This technique is also expected to achieve stable mass production of high-precision microstructure glass elements at low costs. In this paper, the advantages and application requirements of the array molding technology for microstructure glass optical elements are introduced. Moreover, global research developments in the manufacturing of microstructure glass optical elements using array molding technology are summarized. Recent progress includes research on mold material and processing technology, glass material and thermodynamic characteristics, finite element simulation, molding process test in the array molding process, and quality of the microstructure glass element detection technology. Novel achievements and technical problems in the manufacturing process are described, primarily focusing on the die material, coating material, die processing equipment and technology, array molding simulation, and forming technology. Finally, future developments in array molding manufacturing technology for microstructure glass optical elements are considered.