For improving rock blasting effect,a method of air deck stemming structure is presented in this paper.Through the finite element analysis software ANSYS/LS-DYNA,the models of continuous and air deck stemming structure are established,respectively.The calculation results show that the stress peak value is obviously weakened on the charge part of the hole wall.However,it has little effect for the peak value of rock stress at locations far from the hole center.Therefore,the structure is beneficial to control over-crushing in the center of explosion source and reduce the crushing area.Meanwhile,in the air stemming section,the stress peak value of the hole wall element decreases obviously,but the effective stress action time increases dramatically,which indicates that the structure has a promoting effect on improving the rock blasting effect at this position.In the cuttings stemming section,due to the influence of air decks,the stress of cuttings stemming unit attenuates basically according to an order of magnitude.Furthermore,at least 2 air decks should be designed in the stemming structure to achieve the desired effect.The feasibility of improving blasting effect of the stemming structure is proved by experiments of bench blasting.