The field programmable gate array (FPGA) has the advantages of repeatable programming and flexible algorithm implementation. With 97-element deformable mirror as the prototype, the general and rapid implementation scheme of the FPGA-based stochastic parallel gradient descent (SPGD) control algorithm was proposed. Firstly, the TimeGen software was adopted to analyze the time sequence of the SPGD algorithm. Secondly, the Vivado software was adopted to configure and programme the FPGA of the SPGD algorithm in the field of random disturbance voltage generation, performance indexes calculation, as well as control voltage calculation and output. Finally, the calculation results of each module and those of Matlab were compared and analyzed. The results prove the rationality and feasibility of the proposed scheme and provide the basis for the next step of hardware implementation and application of FPGA-based SPGD algorithm.