In order to study the development patterns and differences in compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and elastic modulus of self-compacting concrete (SCC) and normal concrete (NC) specimens at different ages, eight groups of SCC and NC specimens were designed and poured at different ages (3, 7, 14, 28, 56, 120, 200, 400 d) with strength class C40, and the cube compressive strength, prism compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and elastic modulus of SCC and NC were tested at different ages. According to the test results, the development laws and differences of the two kinds of concrete mechanical parameters at different ages were compared and analysed. The results show that the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and elastic modulus of the two types of concrete have similar development law at long ages, with rapid growth in early stage (before 28 d) and slow and stable growth in later stage (after 200 d). The compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of SCC at the same strength level are greater than NC, and the elastic modulus is smaller than NC. The compressive strength of SCC is about 25% higher than NC, the splitting tensile strength is about 9% higher than NC, and the elastic modulus is about 8% smaller than NC at long age (after 400 d). The measured elastic modulus of NC is in good agreement with the calculated elastic modulus of specification formula, and the measured elastic modulus of SCC is about 85.9% of calculated elastic modulus of specification formula. If the NC elastic modulus formula is used to predict SCC elastic modulus, the correction should be multiplied by 0.859.