The reservoir computing is an efficient method of bionics research for processing time signal. The framework of reservoir computing is consists of nonlinear periodic dynamic system, the input layer and the output layer. There are many kinds of possible implementation methods for reservoir computing. The optoelectronic reservoir based on a single nonlinear node plus delay feedback line is introduced mainly. The working principle of reservoir, the model of optoelectronic reservoir and the latest research progress of analog input layer and analog output layer are introduced, the future research trend of optoelectronic reservoir is discussed.