Elasticity is an important parameter that describes the physical meaning of matter, and in medicine, changes in elasticity are often associated with pathological changes. Therefore, elastic imaging is widely used to characterize changes in the mechanical properties of biological tissues. Traditional elastic imaging has problems such as low resolution, low penetration depth, or invasive measurement. Optical imaging technology is increasingly favored by researchers due to its advantages of non-destructive, non-contact, non-invasive, and high-resolution high penetration depth. Several optical imaging techniques that can be used for elastic performance measurement such as optical coherence tomography, optical coherence elastic imaging, and photoacoustic imaging are mainly introduced. TheirKimeyagiwnogrpdrsi:nciples, research progress, and application scenarios are introduced separately.