Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is a critical physical–optical phenomenon involving excitation of electron density oscillations at metal-dielectric interfaces under the irradiation of p-polarized light waves^[1–4]. As a versatile sensing technique, SPR has the outstanding advantage of extremely high sensitivity to variations of the refractive index (RI) of analytes, thereby greatly applied to biomedicine, biology, and chemistry monitoring^[5–8]. The first, to the best of our knowledge, documented observation of surface plasmons was reported in 1902 when Wood observed narrow dark bands in the diffraction spectrum of metallic gratings illuminated with polychromatic light^[9]. SPR excited by total internal reflection was observed by Otto^[10] as well as Kretschmann and Raether^[11], and the great potential of SPR sensing technology pertaining to detection of chemical and biological substances has spurred growing interest^[12–16]. The conventional operating platform to excite SPR is based on the total internal reflection prism of the Kretschmann and Otto configuration. However, the Kretschmann–Raether prism configuration suffers from drawbacks such as bulky mechanical equipment, large size, and non-remote measurements, and thus new sensing platforms with miniaturization and remote sensing capabilities are highly desirable^[17,18].